预制语言及其对口语语篇形成的作用

[xujiajin]

预制语言及其对口语语篇形成的作用
贾琳琳
(暨南大学外国语学院, 广东　广州　510632)
[摘要] 　计算机语料库使大规模的语料分析越来越普遍,通过对自然语言的词汇搭配与组合的研究可以发现,在传统的词汇与句法结构之间,有一种介于两者之间的更为灵活的语言现象,即多词组块结构。它们是构成语篇尤其是口语语篇的主要单位,其形式多样,具有较强的搭配能力。无论是从神经心理语言学还是从语言的习得与教学的角度出发,都应该有意识的提高使用预制语言的能力,解决第二语言表达中的种种问题。
[关键词] 　预制语言　二语习得　口语能力　教学法
http://forum.corpus4u.org/upload/forum/2005073017124791.pdf

[动态语法]

预制语言 - unanalyzed prefabricated language

Is this a common Chinese translation for prefabs?
Doesn't sound as natural as 固定搭配.

[xujiajin]

prefab is a new term to Chinese linguistic circle, so there is no agreed translation for that.

The general undersatnding to 固定搭配 (fixed collocation), however, is closer to idiomatic use of language.

[xiaoz]

Pre-fabs are not the same as collocations.

[动态语法]

From the point of view of Mutual Information, prefabs are certainly not
collocations, that's why I liked the vagueness of the Chinese term
固定搭配。"习语、熟语" for idioms?

[xiaoz]

英语中有没有“成语”一说？

[动态语法]

成语 would have been the best term for idoms, unfortunately,
however, in Chinese it is reserved for the 4-character expressions.
Such is the fate of some of the lexical items!

[xujiajin]

以下是引用 xiaoz 在 2005-8-6 23:17:40 的发言：
英语中有没有“成语”一说？


Idiom is the nearest synonym to 成语. Idiom is certainly not the equivalent to Chinese 成语。

[xiaoz]

不一定成语，idioms才有用。习语, 熟语和习惯用法也很有用。外国人学汉语学到这种程度 - 当然不是刻意去学这些 - 可谓地道到家了。

以下这些例子是成语？习语？熟语？习惯用法？idioms? prefabs? collocations? lexical bundles?

帮倒忙
婊子养的
不得了
不得已
不敢当
不相干
吃一堑 长一智
二百五
干着急
狗日的
归根到底
哈哈大笑
加班加点
拉拉扯扯
没关系
名不见经传
哪里话
娘西皮
迄今为止
煞风景
手把手
说实话
他妈的
王八羔子
无所谓
想当初
想当然
一般来说
以此类推
装样子

This site has a monitor function that replaces "ta ma de" with stars - Good. Beeps for the F words in British TV programmes.

[本贴已被 作者 于 2005年08月07日 00时00分23秒 编辑过]

[动态语法]

以下是引用 xiaoz 在 2005-8-6 23:56:43 的发言：
不一定成语，idioms才有用。习语, 熟语和习惯用法也很有用。外国人学汉语学到这种程度 - 当然不是刻意去学这些 - 可谓地道到家了。

以下这些例子是成语？习语？熟语？习惯用法？idioms? prefabs? collocations? lexical bundles?

帮倒忙
婊子养的
不得了
不得已
不敢当
不相干
吃一堑 长一智
二百五
干着急
狗日的
归根到底
哈哈大笑
加班加点
拉拉扯扯
没关系
名不见经传
哪里话
娘西皮
迄今为止
煞风景
手把手
说实话
他妈的
王八羔子
无所谓
想当初
想当然
一般来说
以此类推
装样子

This site has a monitor function that replaces "ta ma de" with stars - Good. Beeps for the F words in British TV programmes.


Many of them are swear words or cursing.
吃一堑 长一智/名不见经传 would be 成语.
Others: different types of 习语 or 习惯用法.

What is important is to realize that there are all kinds of units in language,
and the boundaries are not always clear and certainly not fixed.

[xiaoz]

Some Chinese POS taggers make a distinction between 成语 and 习语/熟语 and classify swear words as the latter.

[xujiajin]

How much do you think pre-fabs account for in a language?

[刘语料]

According to a lecture by Sinclair in Birmingham University, he maintains that at least 70 percent of a text is developed by the idiom principle.