在所附的word文件中，是我对不同汉语语料中这/那的分布情况做得统计分析。其中包括一些汉语语料的在线检索链接。http://forum.corpus4u.org/upload/forum/2005061621572667.doc
汉语中是“这”多，还是“那”多？
- 主题发起人 xujiajin
- 时间
Haiyang Ai
Administrator
很有意思也很有意义的题目，很不错！
I think written and spoken language differs considerably. In Biber's (1988) MDA, demonstrative pronouns such as this, that, these, those are a feature positively weighted on Dimension 1, which is a very important indicator of "oralness".
Therefore, zhe and na occur in the LDC Callhome Mandain Corpus (about 30 million words of telephone conversation between Chinese nationals overseas and their families in China) over 3.2 times as frequently as in LCMC.
In Callhome, the ratio of zhe/na is 0.62, but in LCMC it is 2.65. This is probably because of the nature of telephone conversation.
Frequencies in Callhome:
这：2124
这个：1358
这么：200
这么着：1
这些：107
这会儿：1
这儿：148
这样：432
这边：331
这里：117
那：3418
那个：2957
那么：415
那些：90
那会儿：2
那儿：181
那天：68
那时：10
那样：91
那种：141
那边：261
那里：81
Therefore, zhe and na occur in the LDC Callhome Mandain Corpus (about 30 million words of telephone conversation between Chinese nationals overseas and their families in China) over 3.2 times as frequently as in LCMC.
In Callhome, the ratio of zhe/na is 0.62, but in LCMC it is 2.65. This is probably because of the nature of telephone conversation.
Frequencies in Callhome:
这：2124
这个：1358
这么：200
这么着：1
这些：107
这会儿：1
这儿：148
这样：432
这边：331
这里：117
那：3418
那个：2957
那么：415
那些：90
那会儿：2
那儿：181
那天：68
那时：10
那样：91
那种：141
那边：261
那里：81
回复：汉语中是“这”多，还是“那”多？
This is a very interesting issue in Chinese linguistics, but at the same time it is also a complex one. the main issue to me is that there are different types of uses of zhe/na in spoken Chinese that are not found in written Chinese. For example, in many instances zhe/na and the expressions involving zhe/na are discourse markers and hesitation markers, the absence of these uses makes it difficult to compare the differences between spoken and written Chinese.
But on the other hand it is indeed remarkable that the differences between the two are much smaller in spoken Chinese than in written Chinese.
Great post!
This is a very interesting issue in Chinese linguistics, but at the same time it is also a complex one. the main issue to me is that there are different types of uses of zhe/na in spoken Chinese that are not found in written Chinese. For example, in many instances zhe/na and the expressions involving zhe/na are discourse markers and hesitation markers, the absence of these uses makes it difficult to compare the differences between spoken and written Chinese.
But on the other hand it is indeed remarkable that the differences between the two are much smaller in spoken Chinese than in written Chinese.
Great post!
[本贴已被 作者 于 2005年07月04日 11时04分52秒 编辑过]
Indeed, as 动态语法 suggested, na used as a discourse marker in CallHome takes up a large proportion of its total occurrences, but this usage of na is infrequent in LCMC. This might account for why the contrast between zhe and na in conversations is less marked than that in writing.